初中英语知识汇总_中考英语
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1．一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；
（1）单音节词，如：
smallsmallersmallest
shortshortershortest
（2）双音节词，如：
clevercleverercleverest
narrownarrowernarrowest
2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st；如：
largelargerlargest
3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：
bigbiggerbiggest
hothotterhottest
fatfatterfattest
4．以辅音字母＋y结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：
easyeasiereasiest
heavyheavierheaviest
5．其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；如：
beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful
differentmore differentmost different
easilymore easilymost easily
注意：
（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
（2）形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常.
It is a most important problem.
=It is a very important problem.
6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如：good/wellbetterbest
bad/illworseworst
oldolder/elderoldest/eldest
many/muchmoremost
littlelessleast
far further/farther
furthest/farthes
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1．A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B，意思为A比B更。
如：This tree is taller than that one.
这棵树比那棵树高。
注意：
①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
②在比较级前面使用much，even, a little, a lot, a bit, far 等词修饰。
A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③very, quite, so, too, enough只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
2．比较级+ and + 比较级或more and more +原级，表示越来越
①It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
②It is getting cooler and cooler.
天气越来越凉爽。
③The wind became more and more heavily.
风变得越来越大。
④Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们的学校变得越来越美丽
3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who is taller, Tim or Tom?
谁更高，Tim还是Tom?
4. the +比较级, the+比较级，表示越越。
①The more money you make, the more you spend.
钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
②The sooner，the better. 越快越好。
5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：
①. A + be +倍数+ times +the + 形容词对应名词形式+ of + B.
The new building is three times the height of the old one.
这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。
(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)
②. A + be +倍数+ times+as +原级+ as+ B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)
③. A + be + 序数词+比较级+ than + B.
Our school is twice bigger than yours.
我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示最的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。
He is the tallest in our class.
他在我们班里是最高的。
7.as...as...表示同级比较，意为像一样两个as之间用形容词副词的原级。其否定形式为not as/so...as...,意为不像那样。
①Wang Wei runs as fast as Liu Bin.
王伟和刘斌跑的一样快。
②My hometown is not as/so famous as Beijing.
我的家乡没有北京有名。
8.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示：第几最。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
9.形容词最高级前面可以有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用冠词。如：
This is our best lesson today.
这是我们今天最好的一节课
中招真题演练：
1.(2015河南)--What a clear blue sky it is!
--Yes. I have never seen _____ sky.
A.a more bueutiful
B.a most beautiful
C.the more beautiful
D.the most beautiful
2.(2015重庆)He has ______ arms now and is able to pick the table up with one hand.
A.weakest B.weaker
C.strangest D.stranger
3.(2015江西)--The scarves are all beautiful. I cant decide which one to choose.
--Oh, look at this red one. I think its ______ .
A.beautiful
B.more beautiful
C.the most beautiful
D.less beautiful
4.(2015广东广州)Emma looked after her pet dog ____ of all her friends.
A.careful
B.most careful
C.more carefully
D.the most carefully
5.(2015上海)Alex did the project on community service _____ better than his classmates.
A.so B.very
C.too D.much
你做对了吗？
keys: A D C D D
