2016年中考英语:常用的不规则变化动词形态大全-不规则动词
★记忆法二：不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同：
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come，become，属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed)
四、过去式，过去分词相同：
(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)将d改为t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)将i改为a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)将ell改为old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)词尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的：
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同：
(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词：
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放，下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、发现find/found/found
found创建，成立found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对：
(1)come/came/come来go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given给get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒来
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought买sell/sold/sold出售,卖
(6)take/took/taken带去bring/brought/brought带来
(7)teach/taught/taught教learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
(8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送get/got/got获得、收到
(二)词义相近：
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become变成,成为,变得
go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
(4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5)say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论